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    <title>策略设计模式：灵活地选择算法 | 技术小馆</title>
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<body class="bg-gray-50">
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    <section class="hero py-20 px-4 sm:px-6 lg:px-8">
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            <span class="inline-block px-3 py-1 text-xs font-semibold tracking-wider text-blue-100 uppercase bg-black bg-opacity-20 rounded-full">设计模式</span>
            <h1 class="mt-4 text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-white sm:text-5xl lg:text-6xl">策略设计模式</h1>
            <p class="mt-6 text-xl leading-8 text-blue-100 max-w-3xl mx-auto">灵活地选择算法实现，提升代码的可维护性和扩展性</p>
            <div class="mt-10 flex justify-center">
                <div class="inline-flex rounded-md shadow">
                    <a href="#overview" class="inline-flex items-center justify-center px-5 py-3 border border-transparent text-base font-medium rounded-md text-blue-600 bg-white hover:bg-blue-50">
                        <i class="fas fa-book-open mr-2"></i> 开始阅读
                    </a>
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            </div>
        </div>
    </section>

    <!-- Main Content -->
    <div class="max-w-5xl mx-auto px-4 sm:px-6 lg:px-8 py-12">
        <!-- Overview Section -->
        <section id="overview" class="mb-16">
            <div class="drop-cap text-lg leading-relaxed text-gray-700">
                策略设计模式是一种行为型设计模式，它允许在运行时选择算法的具体实现。该模式将一组算法封装成独立的类，并使它们可以互相替换。这使得算法的选择和使用可以灵活地变化，而不影响客户端代码。
            </div>
        </section>

        <!-- Features Section -->
        <section class="mb-16">
            <div class="grid md:grid-cols-3 gap-8">
                <div class="card p-6 bg-white shadow-md">
                    <div class="feature-icon">
                        <i class="fas fa-box text-xl"></i>
                    </div>
                    <h3 class="text-xl font-bold text-gray-900 mb-2">封装算法</h3>
                    <p class="text-gray-600">将一组相关的算法封装成独立的策略类，使其可以互相替换。</p>
                </div>
                <div class="card p-6 bg-white shadow-md">
                    <div class="feature-icon">
                        <i class="fas fa-clock text-xl"></i>
                    </div>
                    <h3 class="text-xl font-bold text-gray-900 mb-2">运行时选择</h3>
                    <p class="text-gray-600">策略模式允许在运行时选择使用哪个具体算法。</p>
                </div>
                <div class="card p-6 bg-white shadow-md">
                    <div class="feature-icon">
                        <i class="fas fa-code-branch text-xl"></i>
                    </div>
                    <h3 class="text-xl font-bold text-gray-900 mb-2">减少耦合</h3>
                    <p class="text-gray-600">将算法的具体实现与客户端代码分离，降低耦合度，提高代码的可维护性。</p>
                </div>
            </div>
        </section>

        <!-- Use Cases Section -->
        <section class="mb-16">
            <h2 class="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900 mb-8 flex items-center">
                <i class="fas fa-lightbulb text-yellow-500 mr-3"></i> 使用场景
            </h2>
            <div class="bg-white shadow-md rounded-lg p-6">
                <ul class="space-y-4">
                    <li class="flex items-start">
                        <div class="flex-shrink-0 h-6 w-6 text-blue-500 mt-0.5">
                            <i class="fas fa-check-circle"></i>
                        </div>
                        <p class="ml-3 text-gray-700"><span class="font-semibold">多种算法可选：</span>当有多个相关的算法可供选择时，可以使用策略模式来动态选择合适的算法。</p>
                    </li>
                    <li class="flex items-start">
                        <div class="flex-shrink-0 h-6 w-6 text-blue-500 mt-0.5">
                            <i class="fas fa-check-circle"></i>
                        </div>
                        <p class="ml-3 text-gray-700"><span class="font-semibold">避免条件判断：</span>使用策略模式可以避免使用大量的条件判断语句，使代码更清晰。</p>
                    </li>
                    <li class="flex items-start">
                        <div class="flex-shrink-0 h-6 w-6 text-blue-500 mt-0.5">
                            <i class="fas fa-check-circle"></i>
                        </div>
                        <p class="ml-3 text-gray-700"><span class="font-semibold">扩展性：</span>策略模式使新的算法可以轻松地添加到系统中，而不需要修改现有代码。</p>
                    </li>
                </ul>
            </div>
        </section>

        <!-- Framework Applications -->
        <section class="mb-16">
            <h2 class="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900 mb-8 flex items-center">
                <i class="fas fa-project-diagram text-purple-500 mr-3"></i> 框架中的应用
            </h2>
            <div class="bg-white shadow-md rounded-lg overflow-hidden">
                <div class="p-6">
                    <div class="flex items-start mb-4">
                        <div class="flex-shrink-0 h-10 w-10 rounded-full bg-blue-100 flex items-center justify-center text-blue-600">
                            <i class="fab fa-java"></i>
                        </div>
                        <div class="ml-4">
                            <h3 class="text-lg font-medium text-gray-900">Java的Collections.sort()</h3>
                            <p class="text-gray-600">在Java中，<code class="bg-gray-100 px-1 py-0.5 rounded">Collections.sort()</code> 方法允许传入不同的比较器（策略），以动态地改变排序算法。</p>
                        </div>
                    </div>
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                            <h3 class="text-lg font-medium text-gray-900">Spring框架</h3>
                            <p class="text-gray-600">Spring框架中的许多模块，如数据源选择、事务管理等，使用了策略模式来提供不同的实现。</p>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </section>

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                <i class="fas fa-chart-pie text-red-500 mr-3"></i> 模式结构图
            </h2>
            <div class="bg-white p-6 rounded-lg shadow-md">
                <div class="mermaid">
                    classDiagram
                        class Context {
                            -strategy: Strategy
                            +setStrategy(strategy: Strategy)
                            +executeStrategy()
                        }
                        class Strategy {
                            <<interface>>
                            +execute()
                        }
                        class ConcreteStrategyA {
                            +execute()
                        }
                        class ConcreteStrategyB {
                            +execute()
                        }
                        class ConcreteStrategyC {
                            +execute()
                        }
                        
                        Context o-- Strategy
                        Strategy <|.. ConcreteStrategyA
                        Strategy <|.. ConcreteStrategyB
                        Strategy <|.. ConcreteStrategyC
                </div>
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        </section>

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        <section class="mb-16">
            <h2 class="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900 mb-8 flex items-center">
                <i class="fas fa-code text-indigo-500 mr-3"></i> 实现示例
            </h2>
            <div class="code-block">
                <div class="code-header">
                    <div>Java 实现示例</div>
                    <div class="flex items-center">
                        <span class="h-3 w-3 rounded-full bg-red-500 mr-2"></span>
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                <div class="code-body">
                    <pre><code><span class="keyword">// 日志记录策略接口</span>
<span class="keyword">interface</span> <span class="type">LoggingStrategy</span> {
    <span class="keyword">void</span> log(<span class="type">String</span> message);
}

<span class="keyword">// 控制台日志策略</span>
<span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="type">ConsoleLogging</span> <span class="keyword">implements</span> <span class="type">LoggingStrategy</span> {
    <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> log(<span class="type">String</span> message) {
        <span class="type">System</span>.out.println(<span class="string">"Console Log: "</span> + message);
    }
}

<span class="keyword">// 文件日志策略</span>
<span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="type">FileLogging</span> <span class="keyword">implements</span> <span class="type">LoggingStrategy</span> {
    <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> log(<span class="type">String</span> message) {
        <span class="type">System</span>.out.println(<span class="string">"File Log: "</span> + message);
        <span class="comment">// 实际写入文件的逻辑</span>
    }
}

<span class="keyword">// 日志记录类</span>
<span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="type">Logger</span> {
    <span class="keyword">private</span> <span class="type">LoggingStrategy</span> strategy;

    <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="type">Logger</span>(<span class="type">LoggingStrategy</span> strategy) {
        <span class="keyword">this</span>.strategy = strategy;
    }

    <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> log(<span class="type">String</span> message) {
        strategy.log(message);
    }
}

<span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="type">StrategyPatternDemo</span> {
    <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> main(<span class="type">String</span>[] args) {
        <span class="type">LoggingStrategy</span> consoleLogging = <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="type">ConsoleLogging</span>();
        <span class="type">LoggingStrategy</span> fileLogging = <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="type">FileLogging</span>();

        <span class="type">Logger</span> consoleLogger = <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="type">Logger</span>(consoleLogging);
        <span class="type">Logger</span> fileLogger = <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="type">Logger</span>(fileLogging);

        consoleLogger.log(<span class="string">"This is a console log message."</span>);
        fileLogger.log(<span class="string">"This is a file log message."</span>);
    }
}</code></pre>
                </div>
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        </section>

        <!-- Summary -->
        <section class="bg-white shadow-md rounded-lg p-8 mb-16">
            <div class="flex items-start">
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                    <i class="fas fa-gem text-xl"></i>
                </div>
                <div class="ml-5">
                    <h3 class="text-xl font-bold text-gray-900 mb-4">模式总结</h3>
                    <p class="text-gray-700 leading-relaxed">
                        策略设计模式允许客户端在运行时选择不同的算法实现，从而实现算法的灵活切换。这种模式有助于减少代码中的条件判断，并提供了一种扩展性强的解决方案。通过将算法封装为独立的策略类，策略模式实现了算法与使用算法的客户端之间的解耦，使得算法可以独立于使用它的客户端而变化。
                    </p>
                </div>
            </div>
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